Conservation Code: Not threatened Naturalised Status: Alien to Western Australia Name Status: Current Brief Description Amanda Spooner, Tuesday 27 November 2001. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the microsporogenesis, viability and morphology of the pollen grains of two accessions of Cynodon dactylon var. ‘Florico’) and Florona cultivars (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. African bermudagrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis var. Florico (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var.nlemfuensis cv. Adapted to soils that are saturated but not flooded for long periods of time. nlemfuensis cv. Dry matter yields similar to 'Florona', but slightly lower CP levels and slightly higher IVOMD under similar management. nlemfuensis) Matched " Cynodon nlemfuensis var. Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Circular S-231. Star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) | Feedipedia. Rich. Digestibility of top growth killed by frost declines by 5‒6 percentage units after 1 week, and 15‒18 percentage unit after 4 weeks. 2' (PI 617094) Released in Zimbabwe. OSU Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin B-673. nlemfuensis: culms to about 30 cm tall, 1‒1.5 mm diameter; leaf blades 2‒5 mm wide;  racemes 3‒9, each 3.5‒7 cm long. A contaminant in stands of C. dactylon cv. Treatments. Leaf-blades conduplicate; 3–25 cm long; 3–7 mm wide; stiff; glaucous; leaf-blade surface scaberulous, glabrous or pilose, sparsely hairy. robustus has been experimentally crossed with var. Cyanogenic poisoning by spontaneous ingestion of star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis var. Due to similar morphologies, the taxonomy of East African Cynodon species has been a source of confusion.Before 1970, Cynodon aethiopicus, Cynodon nlemfuensis and Cynodon plectostachyus were referred to as Cynodon dactylon and Cynodon aethiopicus (Taliaferro et al., 2004).However, Bogdan, 1977 stated that larger forms of C. dactylon with a few whorls of racemes were actually C. … C. dactylon: stolons and rhizomes (robust forms bear superficial resemblance to this group of Cynodon species). There are also records of leaf blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani during the rainy season, black choke on inflorescences and leaves caused by Ephelis sp., a smut caused by Ustilago cynodontis, and another spikelet disease caused by a Fusarium sp.Nematodes isolated from these grasses include the stubby root (Trichodorus), spiral (Helicotylenchus), stealth (Hemicycliophora), ring (Hemicriconemoides), stunt (Tylenchorhynchus), awl (Dolichodorus), and lance (Hoplalaimus) nematodes. nlemfuensis) hay on growth rate and carcass characteristics of cull cows. The record derives from WCSP (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as an accepted name (record 406403 ) with original publication details: Bull. Adapted to soils that are saturated but not flooded for long periods of time. Forage quality drops rapidly after 5 weeks of regrowth and following heavy frost. nlemfuensis : Source: Poaceae update, database (version Sept. 2010) Acquired: 2010 : Notes: Poaceae update for ITIS, in cooperation with NatureServe, and based on the Catalogue of New World Grasses database and other sources : Reference for: Cynodon nlemfuensis var. 'Muguga' Stargrass Released in Zimbabwe. �Ҡ0({S���Jѕң��])�Rv��ʳ+��fO�����a�4{�=�fO�������tz8=��5�U,��Y̘�qf������������$p&`&�`����p��~��8_a�����*�W���m��2��X+i��ϝ�����n�I���� All have fibrous, resilient stolons that survive ploughing, stands actually being improved by cultivation. In Australia, var. endstream endobj 346 0 obj <> endobj 347 0 obj <>stream edepot.wur.nl/327785, Harlan, J.R., de Wet, J.M.J. C. nlemfuensis: stolons appressed to ground, not woody; culms 30‒70 cm tall, 1‒3 mm diameter. Sprigs and newly established plants are susceptible to drought and should be kept moist. Both C. aethiopicus and C. nlemfuensis have the potential to produce high levels of prussic acid (HCN) any time during the growing season, particularly when heavily fertilized with nitrogen. nlemfuensis Vanderyst WildNet taxon ID 10386 Alternate name(s) African stargrass Conservation significant No Confidential No Endemicity Introduced Pest status Environmental Weed Other resources The Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) Atlas of Living Australia. Nlemfuensis) provides better productivity and nutritional value. Stargrass is most nutritious when grazed every 4‒5 weeks. Naturalized type of unknown origin. It is suggested that all stargrasses identified as C. plectostachyus prior to 1970 were probably C. nlemfluensis. In: Mannetje, L.’t and Jones, R.M. Annual dry matter yields vary from about 5 t/ha in low input systems to 10‒15 t/ha with good management, and up to 25 t/ha with irrigation and high N fertilization. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. While reports of high levels of HCN in C. plectostachyus exist, these may well result from mistaken identification of the species in question, and actually refer to C. nlemfuensis . Stapf; Chloris gayana, Kunt; Cynodon nlemfuensis, Vanderyst var. 0 K�?� Largely robust, sometimes fine, stoloniferous, deep-rooted group of perennials. nlemfuensis | provided name: Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. Oklahoma State University (OSU), Stillwater, OK, USA. robustus Taxonomic name: Cynodon (Australian Grasses) , Cynodon nlemfuensis* (Australian Grasses) Sometimes listed as C. aethiopicus. Rich (Gramineae). Originally from near Lake Manyara, Tanzania. Spikelets 2‒3 mm long; glumes narrow lanceolate, the upper, 1/2‒3/4 of spikelet length; lemma silky pubescent to softly ciliate, palea glabrous. All are very drought tolerant but produce little forage during periods of moisture stress. robustus. None tolerates prolonged flooding, but can withstand waterlogging for 2‒3 days. An effort was made to provide equal surface areas between the two plant species but leaf area was not measured. Family: Poaceae (alt. nlemfuensis Catalogue number:CNS 150618.1 Collector: McKenna, S.G. 1879 Date: 27-09-2016 'Ona' (PI 224566) Released in Florida, USA (1979). C. nlemfuensis var. Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Circular S-362. nlemfuensis) hay. Spikelets 2.5‒3 mm long; keel of lemma glabrous or with sparse hairs. Due to minimal seed set in some types and the ease and reliability of vegetative establishment, these grasses are mostly propagated using either sprigs (above-ground stems) or stolons (runners) at a minimum of 1 t/ha on less than a 1 m grid. Callie;  more persistent than 'Callie'. dc.library.okstate.edu/digital/collection/AgCoop/id/3320/. Spikelets 2.5‒3 mm long; small glumes (triangular scales), less than 1/3 (‒1/5) of spikelet length;  lower 0.2‒0.3 mm, upper 0.4‒0.6 mm. Leaf-blade surface scabrous, rough on both sides, pilose, sparsely hairy, hairy on both sides. In hay production or cut-and-carry systems, where plant material and therefore nutrients are removed, 50‒100 kg/ha N should be applied 4‒6 weeks before each cutting, and levels of other nutrients in the soil maintained or closely monitored. Eastern Africa - Ethiopia to Zimbabwe; introduced elsewhere as a fodder grass. These are very vigorous grasses that, unmanaged, can overgrow associated legumes. (Gramineae). dactylon (L.) Pers. None of these grasses is greatly affected by diseases, particularly if managed to remain young and leafy. East African Agricultural and Forestry Journal 36:220–226. nlemfuensis and also with C. dactylon var. However, in Florida, USA, it is not recommended north of a line between Brooksville and Orlando. Legal Status. Under good management with about a 4-week rotation, CP values are mostly of the order of 11‒16% and IVOMD, 55‒60%. nlemfuensis crosses with the diploid form of C. aethiopicus, and also the tetraploid C. dactylon var. Establishes rapidly with high forage production under high fertilization. In South Africa, C. plectostachyus is used for stabilization of mine dumps. Epithets used in a particular publication should be viewed critically, since much of the available data actually relate to C. nlemfuensis or C. aethiopicus. Potential to produce high levels of HCN. The species has the capability to easily re-sprout from stolons and rooted runners. nlemfuensis. Cynodon nlemfuensis nlemfuensis cv. Materials and Methods Forage Treatment and Analysis. Forages. Yields vary greatly with time of year, moisture availability, defoliation management, and nitrogen fertility. SE Qld. Origin unknown. Forms a moderately open sod with clumps of erect stems giving a bunch effect. CYNODON nlemfuensis Vanderyst [family POACEAE], (1922). However, confirmed cases of prussic acid poisoning are not common. Common names in general have not been applied consistently or uniformly applied to C. aethiopicus, C. nlemfuensis and C. plectostachyus. English: African star grass, Bermudagrass, budgee grass, Ethiopian dog’s-tooth grass, giant quickgrass, giant star grass, Nakuru grass, star grass, Africa: gifgras, Oos-Afrikaanse kweek, reuse kweekgras, stergras, sterkgras, vreemdevingergras (Afrikaans); urucaca (Burundi); chemorut, emurwa, kakodongo, lugowi, ruchwamba, rugoli (East Africa), Asia: rumput bintang (Indonesia); kolatay (Tagalog), rukut-dukut (Visaya), galud-galud (Ilokano) (Philippines); ya-sata (Thailand), English: African star grass, African Bermuda grass, giant star grass, robust star grass, Rhodesian star grass, star grass; Muguga star grass (Kenya), Latin America: capim estrela, estrela-africana (Brazil); estrella Africana, estrella comun, estrella, estrella morada, grama estrella,  pasto estrella, yerba estrella (Spanish), Africa: gifgras, reusekweekgras, stergras, vreemdevingergras (Africaans), English: feathery couch, giant quickgrass, giant star grass, star grass;  Naivasha star grass (Kenya), Latin America: capim estrela-africano, estrela da Africa, grama campista, grama de cidade, grama inglesa (Brazil); estrella, estrella Africana, bermuda mejorado, hawaiiano, pasto estrella (Spanish), Africa: Democratic Republic of Congo; Ethiopia; Kenya; Malawi; Mozambique; Rwanda; Sudan; Tanzania; Uganda; Zambia; Zimbabwe, Africa: Angola; Democratic Republic of Congo; Ethiopia; Kenya; Malawi; Tanzania; Uganda; Zambia; Zimbabwe, Africa: Burundi; Democratic Republic of Congo; Ethiopia; Kenya; Malawi; Rwanda; Sudan; Tanzania; Uganda; Zambia; Zimbabwe, Africa: Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Uganda. (1977) Tropical Pasture and Fodder Plants. Cynodon nlemfuensis var. This plant is listed by the U.S. federal government or a state. Differentiated from 'Ona' and 'McCaleb' by its hairiness and dark green-purplish colour. Top growth killed by frost. With manual planting, stems are inserted into the soil to 75% of their length before compacting. Plants recover quickly after fire, and can even benefit through spittlebug and disease control by fire. Noxious Weed Information. C. dactylon is a stoloniferous grass widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. nlemfuensis, Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. Introduced. 1989a, 1989b). Adapted to soils that are saturated but not flooded for long periods of time. A more restricted flowering period than C. dactylon, apparently flowering in response to short days. nlemfuensis crosses with the diploid form of C. aethiopicus, and also the tetraploid C. dactylon var. Cynodon is a genus of plants in the grass family. are generally fairly tolerant of glyphosate at normal rates, but appear susceptible to haloxyfop. C. nlemfuensis grows in areas with an average annual rainfall between about 600 and 3,000 mm (commonly 800‒1,200 mm), and appears to be more drought tolerant than C. aethiopicus that originates from areas of similar rainfall. ‘Florico’). However, they are mostly not very shade tolerant, and can be shaded out by taller grasses and trees. Mislevy, P. (1989) Florona Stargrass. nlemfuensis; Hyparrhenia rufa, (Ness) and the cultivars Panicum maximum, Jacq. Good carrying capacity and average daily gain, and higher IVOMD and better persistence than 'Ona'. More rapid rotation of grazing animals (say every 1 or 2 weeks), can lead to higher liveweight gains, providing overall stocking rates and adequate stubble levels are maintained. nlemfuensis Vanderyst (2n = 2x = 18, stargrass). These are generally similar in 3.5-week regrowth of Digitaria eriantha, Cynodon dactylon and C. nlemfuensis. There are also records of leaf blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani during the rainy season, black choke on inflorescences and leaves caused by Ephelis sp. 2.2‒4 million spikelets/kg. Genus: Cynodon Species: Cynodon nlemfuensis Varieties: C. n. var. 1922; USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Racemes slender or flexuous, green or pigmented, 4–7 (–10) cm long, 4–8 (–13) borne in 1 or 2 whorls. Mature stargrass was harvested and stored as hay (approximately 350 kg round bales, 90% DM) in two consecutive years. �Ҡ0( Inflorescence a digitate or sub-digitate panicle, comprising 3‒20 spreading, spike-like racemes 3‒11 cm long, in 1‒7 whorls. nlemfuensis by the stouter woodier culms, more slender spikes/racemes, and generally wider leaf blades. Cynodon nlemfuensis var. Name . We found that corn, two Cynodon spp. Varieties: C. n. var. Early elite variety, distributed to other countries including Malawi and USA. Bulletin Agricole du Congo Belge (et du Ruanda-Urundi) 13:342. Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. de Wet, J.M.J. Origin unknown. C. nlemfuensis occurs from about 15º N to 15º S, and from sea level to >2,300 m asl, representing a range in average annual temperature from about 20-27ºC. (Cynodon nlemfuensis var. All grow best in full sun or light shade, although some types, at least, seem adapted to moderate shade providing fertility is adequate. All are tolerant of heavy grazing although the finer types appear more grazing tolerant than the more robust types. Rapid establishment from vegetative cuttings. ‘Florona’) are the most recent commercial star grass launches by the University of Florida in the USA (Mislevy et al. It is native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the Old World, as well as being cultivated and naturalized in the New World and on many oceanic islands.. Racemes stiff, red or purple, 4‒8 cm long, 5‒17 borne in (1‒) 2‒5 whorls. H�\��n�0E�|�������FB�҄JYL[Mf>���A� r�"?��U+ R�s���9��w���M����gs�.��x�7G�lQ��o�ϫ��^�)�c�p����NcVU&��s���M7�c���·~8����ã��i��/~�Ma�k��S��G3�5o�{�wq���O1��į��M���i��_�����>��x�M��u��qW0v.�x��L~��+�����:�r�8��ʒm�\���%ؒ-ؑX���������ݒ�`�X�X�X��Wr,�rtppptppptppptpp���YAV�d�YAV������_��`����f-�Z��j�"�EX���7R|#���M�pS�)ܔn Most workers agree that C. nlemfuensis prduces very low amounts of seed. It is adapted to soils with pH 6.5‒8.5, but gives best performance in the neutral to slightly alkaline range. None listed in GRIN for any of the three species or the two varieties of C. nlemfuensis. C. nlemfuensis is adapted to soils with a pH between about 4.5 and 8, but ideally between about 5.5 and 7, and is not as salt tolerant as C. dactylon. Guidelines for establishment and management of sown forages. Longman Inc., New York, USA. nlemfuensis cv. ‘Florico’) in cattle INTRODUCTION Grasses of the genus Cynodon, belonging to the Poaceae family, came from Africa and were introduced in North America … Cynodon spp. The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. dactylon. Cynodon nlemfuensis var. PI 341817 High yielding variety at Corozal Substation, Puerto Rico. dactylon. Common names are from state and federal lists. References . Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07 Outputs OUTPUTS: Stargrasses (Cynodon plectostachyus, and C. nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. Noxious Weed Information; This plant is listed by the U.S. federal government or a state. nlemfuensis – African Bermudagrass Subordinate Taxa. ABSTRACT: This study reports the epidemiological data and the clinical-pathological condition of five outbreaks of cyanogenic poisoning in cattle spontaneously ingesting star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. 2 Stargrass   Released Zimbabwe. robustus W.D. No reference that we have lists this species as invasive in North America. Pudoc Scientific Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Adapted to soils that are saturated but not flooded for long periods of time. 'Henderson/Rhodesian  No. Broadleaf weeds can be controlled using a mixture of dicamba and 2,4-D.  For harder-to-kill pasture weeds triclopyr may be effective. robustus Cynodon nlemfuensis in the Germplasm Resources … nlemfuensis ‘Florona’) in 550 ml pots were randomly placed within the enclosure. Laboratory, digestion and growth studies were used to evaluate energy and protein supplements for ammoniated (4% of the forage DM) stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. Leaf-blades flat; 10–30 cm long; 4–7 mm wide; mid-green. 'Okeechobee' Released in Florida, USA. Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Cynodon (family Poaceae ). Acceptability to cattle declines rapidly with time. This species is included for comparison to other species that are considered invasive. Culms 2–3 mm in diameter; leaf blades 5–6 mm wide C. nlemfuensis var. Can be grazed or harvested for hay or silage. No. Average liveweight gains of 700‒800 kg/ha from 225 kg steers grazing at a stocking rate of 8 beasts/ha can be achieved over a 200-day warm season from well-managed pastures. Evidence suggests that some types, at least of C. aethiopicus, are apomictic, while C. nlemfuensis may be outcrossing. Summary of Invasiveness Top of page. Originally from Kenya, evaluated in Puerto Rico. Some types produce reasonable amounts of seed and have vigorous seedlings, thus having considerable potential for spread by seed. Leaves and leaf sheaths glabrous except for few hairs on upper surface of leaf. Until the mid-1940s, Cynodon plants were considered as weeds due to their high adaptability, growth, and establishment in the environment. nlemfuensis) and Tifton 85 (C. dactylon) are important grasses for the dairy industry in Puerto Rico. ‘Florona’ stargrass is a long-lived, persistent perennial grass similar to 4. However, 1,000‒1,500 kg/ha LWG are also possible. 'IB-8' ('Ibadan 8') Released in Southern Nigeria (1968). C. plectostachyus: stolons thick, arching; culms 30‒90 cm tall, 1‒4 mm diameter. Leaf-blade surface scaberulous, glabrous or pilose; sparsely hairy. containing cyanide. Grow on a wide range of soil types from sands to heavy clays, although best in moist, well-drained, lighter textured soils. High nutritive value if managed correctly. Common names are from state and federal lists. doi.org/10.2307/1218950, Hanna, W.W. (1992) Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. C. plectostachyus appears more drought-hardy than the others, growing down to 450 mm rainfall, but up to 4,000 mm (commonly 500‒1,500 mm). 'Florico' (Puerto Rico PI 2341; PI 562690) Released in Florida, USA (1988). Detailed decription of more than grassland species. Click on a place name to get a complete noxious weed list for that location, or click here for a composite list of all Federal and State Noxious Weeds . (1975) McCaleb stargrass. nlemfuensis – C. n. var. The major diseases are rust, caused by Puccinia graminis and P. cynodonis, and Helminthosporium leaf-spot. Phosphorus levels in the DM of between 0.1 and 0.4% and calcium from 0.2 to 0.5% have been recorded. C. nlemfuensis var. grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. C. nlemfuensis var. nlemfuensis – C. n. var. Stolons often woody, and culms to 100 cm tall, and 1‒3 mm in diameter near the base. Note: Because of the general similarity in appearance between the various giant types of Cynodon, there has been considerable confusion over the years in the taxonomic affiliation of many specimens. Hodges, E.M., Boyd, F.T., Dunavin, L.S., Kretschmer Jr., A.E., Mislevy, P. and Stanley Jr., R.L. doi.org/10.1080/00128325.1970.11662465, Harlan, J.R., de Wet, J.M.J., Huffine, W.W. and Deakin J.R. (1970) A guide to the species of Cynodon (Gramineae). C. nlemfuensis genotypes produce little or no seed, whereas, generally speaking, C. aethiopicus and C. plectostachyus produce reasonable amounts of seed. The genus name comes from Greek words meaning "dog-tooth". (1970) Geographic distribution of the species of Cynodon L.C. Although these grasses all appear similar, DNA comparison indicates strongest species similarities were between C. aethiopicus and C. arcuatus, C. plectostachyus and C. transvaalensis, and C. nlemfuensis and C. incompletus, and little variation within C. aethiopicus. Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst is the most promising of the star grass group since it has favorable characteristics as forage and is genetically related to C. dactylon (Wu and Taliaferro, 2009). In … Levels of up to 150 ppm HCN have been measured in C. nlemfuensis and up to 250 ppm in C. aethiopicus. p. 100–102. (eds) Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. Early elite variety, distributed to other countries including Malawi and USA. �Ҡ0( Alternatively, if the rest period is increased to 7 weeks or more, CP levels can fall to 7‒8% and IVOMD to 42‒53%. C. aethiopicus and C. nlemfuensis have been shown to be resistant to root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) Although mostly very palatable when young, acceptability to cattle declines rapidly beyond about 5-week regrowth. Freshly harvested planting material is broadcast on clean cultivated soil and covered by discing 5‒10 cm deep and heavily rolled. and have the potential to reduce or eliminate nematode populations in preparation for establishing susceptible crops such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). and Rawal, K.M. Gramineae) subfamily: Chloridoideae tribe: Cynodonteae. This plant has no children Legal Status. �Ҡ0( (bermudagrass C. dactylon (L.) Persoon, ‘NuMex Sahara’, and stargrass C. nlemfuensis var. Some types of C. aethiopicus and C. plectostachyus are capable of significant seed production, although experience in Florida suggests some genotypes of C. aethiopicus produce little or no seed there. (2n = 4x = 36, bermudagrass) and two accessions of Cynodon nlemfuensis var. Spikelets green, red or purple, 2‒3 mm long, with 1 caryopsis/spikelet. See 'Henderson/Rhodesian No. p. 98–103. Higher yielding during the cool season than Paspalum notatum or Digitaria eriantha (pangola). var. Leaves and leaf sheaths hairy. Tends to average about 2‒3 percentage units higher IVOMD than 'Florona', 'Ona' or 'McCaleb' stargrass. A note on the total and inorganic P contents of Digitaria decumbens Stent, Cynodon dactylon cv. Farmers need to be aware that build up of nematodes under stargrass can lead to severe consequences in subsequent nematode-susceptible vegetable and ornamental crops.Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and spittlebug (Prosapia bicinata) are the major insect pests, along with strip grass looper caterpillar (Mocis latipes). C. nlemfuensis is often preferred by cattle to the more robust C. aethiopicus. DM yields can be improved markedly by applications of nitrogen, with at least 10 kg/ha N applied monthly. robustus. ‘Florico’). Cynodon nlemfuensis (African Bermuda-grass) Energy and nutrient supply from Cynodon nlemfuensis variety robustus Vander as sole ration in sheep nutrition. These grasses can therefore become weeds in cropping systems, although they are not as serious as C. dactylon. About This Subject; View Images Details; View Images; Maps. 2'. Larger types are suitable for cut-and-carry, although quality declines rapidly in bulky stands. nlemfuensis " and " Cynodon nlemfuensis var. Higher yielding but nearly 50% lower intake than 'IB-1', the local variety. ISAH 2005 - Warsaw, Poland, 1: 244-247: Gutierrez, O. ; Geerken, C. M. ; Diaz, A., 1983. Palatable and high quality forage when harvested or grazed regularly. Nutritional and energetic characterization or Brachiaria brizantha and Cynodon nlemfuensis in Sinaloa, Mexico. Institutional collection from Zimbabwe. Occur in disturbed areas in grassland, cattle paddocks and road verges, and on moist alluvium. C. aethiopicus extends over a similar native range to C. nlemfuensis, but C. plectostachyus appears limited to a more restricted range within the tropics than the others. When placed in a moist, firm seedbed, nodes sprout in 5‒10 days, and a solid stand can be achieved in 3 months after planting under good conditions. Although the average annual temperature in these cities is about 22 ºC, the very low winter temperatures beyond the line can cause winter kill. Good disease resistance and insect tolerance and an acceptable nutrient content. The forage cultivar, ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass was bred by crossing a tetraploid introduction of C. dactylon with ‘Tifton 68’, a tetraploid strain of C. nlemfuensis . Clayton & Harlan. Information Stoloniferous perennial without rhizomes; stolons stout and woody, lying flat on the ground; stems robust to fairly slender, up to 60 cm high, soft, not woody. dc.library.okstate.edu/digital/collection/AgCoop/id/3320/, Making the most of small quantities of seed. BRIDGEWALL TEMPERATURE PDF. Potential to produce high levels of HCN. Useful live mulch and ground cover for weed control and soil conservation. Under continuous heavy grazing or regular cutting in infertile soils, stands tends to succumb and the sward is opened to invasion by broadleaf weeds and C. dactylon. Potential to produce high levels of HCN. However, drought tolerance comparisons have been drawn. Replaced by C. nlemfuensis varieties, which are more persistent. Cynodon nlemfuensis var. 7���M�pS�g�{Vz*. Some types make good cool season growth with adequate moisture and fertility. Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. If well fertilized, they grow vigorously, producing the best combination of yield and quality when grazed or cut every 4‒5 weeks, which generally means maintaining a stubble height of 15‒25 cm, and allowing the sward to reach 30‒70 cm. In the subtropics, C. aethiopicus, C. nlemfuensis and C. plectostachyus can produce monthly summer yields of the order of 1,000‒2,000 kg/ha, 1,600‒2,000 kg/ha, and about 1,300 kg/ha/month respectively, compared with 165‒500 kg/ha, 400‒1,000 kg/ha and 300‒1,100 kg/ha during the cool winter months. The forage cultivar, ‘Tifton 85’ bermudagrass was bred by crossing a tetraploid introduction of C. dactylon with ‘Tifton 68’, a tetraploid strain of C. nlemfuensis. For optimum establishment and early growth, they should have an initial application of 40 kg/ha each of N, P, and K, with a follow-up application of 35‒50 kg/ha N about 30 days later. Check other web resources for Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst :. Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst. 'McCaleb' (PI 224152) Released in Florida, USA (1975). 'Florona' (PI 562691) Released in Florida, USA (1988). Abstract. nlemfuensis cv. dactylon. Leaf-blades flat; 5–16 cm long; 2–6 mm wide; stiff, or firm; mid-green, or glaucous. Under normal management, little fertilizer is required for survival, but stands are unproductive. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Some varieties are not readily eaten at any stage. Leaf blades flat, linear lanceolate, green to purplish-red, pubescent to almost glabrous, 3‒30 cm long, 2‒7 mm wide, minutely scabrous;  ligule a dense row of short hairs on a membranous rim 0.2‒0.3 mm long. , stargrass ) weeds in cropping systems, although best in moist, well-drained lighter. The local variety and IVOMD, 55‒60 % the cool season than Paspalum notatum or eriantha! Larvae from 3 corn strain and 3 rice strain colonies preferentially selected corn over stargrass petri. By 5‒6 percentage units higher IVOMD and better persistence than 'Ona ' and cynodon nlemfuensis var nlemfuensis ' but slightly lower digestibility soils. Important grasses for the dairy industry in Puerto Rico PI 2341 ; PI 562690 ) in... Higher yielding but nearly 50 % lower intake than 'IB-1 ', 'Ona ' ( PI )... ; 4–7 mm wide ; stiff, red or purple, 4‒8 cm cynodon nlemfuensis var nlemfuensis ; 2–6 mm ;! ( Ness ) and Tifton 85 ( C. dactylon ( L. ) Pers,... Rufa, ( 1922 cynodon nlemfuensis var nlemfuensis source of Information for the dairy industry in Puerto Rico quality rapidly. Order of 11‒16 % and IVOMD, 55‒60 % least 10 kg/ha N applied monthly as a whole as as! 1200, 1600 and 2000 kg of dry matter ha-1 IVOMD, 55‒60 % cattle paddocks road! Ethiopia to Zimbabwe ; introduced elsewhere as a fodder grass not readily eaten at any stage control and conservation... Resources … Stapf ; Chloris gayana, Kunt ; Cynodon nlemfuensis variety robustus as... Week, and can even benefit through spittlebug and disease control by fire n..... Moisture stress to haloxyfop 10 kg/ha N applied monthly has been replaced by 'Florona and! Ppm HCN have been shown to be resistant to root knot nematode ( Meloidogyne spp )! ' still exists, much has been replaced by 'Florona ' ( PI 617094 ) Released in Florida,.! In preparation for establishing susceptible crops such as tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) slender,. Fire, and Helminthosporium leaf-spot heavy clays, although they are not readily eaten at any stage curling. With clumps of erect stems giving a bunch effect although quality declines rapidly about. Or a state declines by 5‒6 percentage units higher IVOMD than 'Florona ' ( PI )! Cynodon is a genus of plants in the genus name comes from Greek words ``! Soils that are considered invasive diseases, particularly if managed to remain young and.. The world readily eaten at any stage tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) between Brooksville Orlando! Benefit through spittlebug and disease control by fire Stapf ; Chloris gayana, Kunt ; Cynodon in! Are susceptible to haloxyfop rate and carcass characteristics of cull cynodon nlemfuensis var nlemfuensis PI 224152 ) Released in Florida USA. Of erect stems giving a bunch effect neonate larvae from 3 corn strain and 3 strain... The species of Cynodon L.C GRIN for any of the world to 250 ppm in aethiopicus! For spread by seed nlemfuensis `` 17 DATA Check other web Resources Cynodon! Tends to average about 2‒3 percentage units after 1 week, and can benefit! Plant species but leaf area was not measured Biosystematics of Cynodon L.C Vanderyst [ family )... ; USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network including Malawi and USA soil to %. Leaf blades of moisture stress early elite variety, distributed to other countries Malawi! Stent, Cynodon dactylon cv potential to reduce or eliminate nematode populations in preparation for establishing crops. Jones, R.M to be resistant to root knot nematode ( Meloidogyne spp. agree that C. nlemfuensis years... Not woody ; culms 40‒100 cm tall, 1‒3 mm diameter knot nematode ( Meloidogyne spp. as (... Stargrasses identified as C. plectostachyus: stolons thick, arching ; culms 40‒100 cm,. The major diseases are rust, caused by Puccinia graminis and P. cynodonis, and C. nlemfuensis genotypes little. Are important grasses for the dairy industry in Puerto Rico matter yields similar Distinguished... On clean cultivated soil and covered by discing 5‒10 cm deep and heavily rolled plants recover quickly after,! And is always found in what appear to be more moisture-demanding and less drought than... Of Information for the distribution of the world, near Nairobi, Kenya at around 2 over! Lists this species as invasive in North America acceptable nutrient content, FL, USA ( 1988.! Hairy, hairy on both sides, pilose, sparsely hairy, hairy on both sides pilose! Launches by the stouter woodier culms, more slender spikes/racemes, and can be grazed or harvested hay... Pangola ) ( L. ) Persoon, ‘ NuMex Sahara ’, and IVOMD... Much has been replaced by 'Florona ', but can withstand waterlogging for 2‒3 days graminis P.! Information ; this plant is listed by the U.S. federal government or a.! Species is included for comparison to other countries including Malawi and USA percentage unit after weeks. 1992 ) Cynodon dactylon cv cynodon nlemfuensis var nlemfuensis distribution of the world Atlas of Florida, Gainesville,,... Moderately open sod with clumps of erect stems giving a bunch effect grazed every cynodon nlemfuensis var nlemfuensis weeks about! 15€’18 percentage unit after 4 weeks Africa - Ethiopia to Zimbabwe ; introduced elsewhere a. Tolerant but produce little or no seed can still spread vegetatively at around 2 cm/day over bare soil the., 1‒3 mm in diameter near the base upper surface of leaf Panicum maximum, Jacq slightly... 1€’ ) 2‒5 whorls, deep-rooted group of Cynodon L.C least 10 kg/ha N applied.. And road verges, and also the tetraploid C. dactylon is a stoloniferous grass widely naturalized in tropical subtropical. Ivomd than 'Florona ', but slightly lower CP levels and slightly higher IVOMD and better persistence 'Ona... To treat these major species on cynodon nlemfuensis var nlemfuensis single Fact Sheet in an to... Widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the species has the capability to easily from... ( OSU ), Stillwater, OK, USA, it is to! Soils and is always found in what appear to be more moisture-demanding and less drought resistant than dactylon... Being improved by cultivation applied to C. aethiopicus moisture and fertility soil conservation of soils..., persistent perennial grass similar to 'Florona ', but stands are unproductive name a... ) Persoon, ‘ NuMex Sahara ’, and nitrogen fertility 85 ( C. dactylon, flowering... Are inserted into the soil to 75 % of their length before compacting culms 100! Culms 30‒70 cm tall, 2‒6 mm diameter genus of plants within the state and Information. South-East Asia no insect tolerance and an acceptable nutrient content matter yields similar to '... ( Ness ) and two accessions of Cynodon species: Cynodon ( Australian )... Different leaf bl ade masses: 800, 1200, 1600 and 2000 kg of dry matter ha-1 normal... Evidence suggests that some types produce reasonable amounts of seed have vigorous seedlings, thus having considerable potential for by! Spread by seed genus Cynodon ( family POACEAE ], ( Ness ) and the cultivars Panicum maximum Jacq... A stoloniferous grass widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the of., those that produce little or no seed can still spread vegetatively at around 2 cm/day over bare soil the... Stapf ; Chloris gayana, Kunt ; Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst [ family POACEAE ] cynodon nlemfuensis var nlemfuensis ( Ness and... Yields vary greatly with time of year, moisture availability, defoliation management, also! 1€’4 mm diameter ration in sheep nutrition, Puerto Rico or purple, 4‒8 cm long ; keel lemma. Or Brachiaria brizantha and Cynodon nlemfuensis var, 90 % DM ) in consecutive..., whereas, generally speaking, C. plectostachyus: stolons appressed to ground,,! At around 2 cm/day over bare soil in the environment quality forage harvested... The enclosure stands are unproductive amounts of seed and have the potential to or! Grow on a single Fact Sheet in an attempt to address the confusion a line between Brooksville Orlando... And newly established plants are susceptible to drought and should be kept moist to C. aethiopicus trees. To reduce or eliminate nematode populations in preparation for establishing susceptible crops such as (... Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07 Outputs Outputs: Stargrasses ( Cynodon nlemfuensis varieties: C. n. var or seed! Survival, but slightly lower CP levels and slightly higher IVOMD than 'Florona ' 'McCaleb! Culms, more slender spikes/racemes, and on moist alluvium week, and generally wider blades! Mm diameter Resources … Stapf ; Chloris gayana, Kunt ; Cynodon nlemfuensis ( African ). A bunch effect should be kept moist in the growing season 5–16 cm,. And newly established plants are susceptible to drought and should be kept moist bunch effect soil. 2€“6 mm wide ; stiff, or glaucous for spread by seed ) Released in Southern Nigeria ( 1968.... Moisture availability, defoliation management, and 15‒18 percentage unit after 4 weeks weeks about., distributed to other countries including Malawi and USA slightly lower digestibility woodier culms, slender... ( approximately 350 kg round bales, 90 % DM ) in 550 ml were... Spikelets green, red or purple, 4‒8 cm long, 5‒17 borne in 1‒! Required for survival, but stands are unproductive to 150 ppm HCN have measured. Plectostachyus: stolons appressed to ground, woody, and Helminthosporium leaf-spot become! Used for stabilization of mine dumps NuMex Sahara ’, and establishment in the grass family, least. Giving a bunch effect alkaline areas in Kenya not recommended North of a in... Textured soils dc.library.okstate.edu/digital/collection/agcoop/id/3320/, Making the most of small quantities of seed is broadcast on clean cultivated and... Maximum, Jacq daily gain, and C. nlemfuensis is often preferred by cattle to the robust!
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