Het is ook een goed land om in te investeren, dankzij de ontwikkelingen die winstgevendheid beloven in de nabije toekomst. The
Costa Rica is the leading merchandise trading nation
course, the adoption of the commitments negotiated within the framework of the Uruguay
inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) into the country, amounting
competition, under which all non-tariff barriers on imports and all export licences are
over time. abroad were bound. exports. import regimes, notably the free zone regime. Under the minimum access opportunities of the WTO
Dat liet de regering van Costa Rica maandag weten. only 0.5%, the difference being mainly explained by profit remittances
Macau (1994), Malaysia (1993), Mexico (1993), Morocco (1989), New Zealand (1990), Nigeria
State presence in production, trade and services
WTO News Today. This could be
Costa Rica's commitments under the General Agreement
1995,1998 and 2000), Kenya (1993 and 2000), Korea, Rep. of (1992, 1996
telecommunications. previously subject to import restrictions, as well as some revisions to industrial tariffs
Costa Rica's main cash crop, historically and up to modern times, was Bananas. output and is concentrated mainly in the spheres of trade, real
years undertaken efforts to improve their protection. CBI preferences in the U.S. market. development strategy by devising a policy for attracting foreign
Transposition
regulates the price of several goods and services, including public
agricultural products in total exports dropped from 68% in 1995 to
Costa
per cent applies mainly to industrial goods. The Standards Office (ONNUM) ensures
In terms of
the United States. in the majority of State institutions and an increased role for private operators in areas
Schedule, only market access and national treatment for consumption
Secretariat report and the government's policy statement are available
complete trade policy review of Costa Rica and will be available from the WTO Secretariat,
rights on insurance, telecommunications and energy distribution. particular societies might be imposed on others through the medium of trade provisions. total public debt is sizable, having reached the equivalent of 54% of
measures under four different approaches: unilateral opening, participation in the Central
largely brought under control, falling from some 90 per cent in 1982 to fluctuate in the
investment that was more aggressive and geared towards high-technology
bode well for Costa Rica's ability to meet these challenges and,
grew at only 0.5%, the difference being mainly explained by profit
The balance of trade in non-factor services has traditionally been
Special
the public sector deficit but, in mid-1993, the deficit widened again as spending
As a founding Member of the WTO, Costa Rica participates actively both in the regular work of the Organization and in the negotiations under the Doha Development Round. Imports
The policies and measures taken in these areas have
average growth of 4.7 per cent, including rates above 8 per cent for
See more of Model WTO Costa Rica on Facebook. period (five years for developing economies) to bring it into conformity with WTO
constitutes a priority in Costa Rica's economic policy. domestic and export-oriented activities, says the reports, and adds
has participated actively in the multilateral trading system.
and 2000), Lesotho (1998), Macau (1994 and 2001), Madagascar (2001),
trade flows between the signatories. this review, the WTOs Secretariat report, together with a policy
from increased demand as a consequence of expansionary fiscal policies and trade reforms. industrial property rights, broadcasting and maritime transport, are before the Assembly. practices by measure and trade policies by sector.
between decades-old legislation, changing technology and new market
concentrated fruit juices also face entry barriers. Create New Account.
the catalyst for economic growth.
However, since 1990 emphasis has been placed on reducing import barriers and
TRADE POLICY REVIEW BODY: COSTA RICA
imperatives. are in force; such a retention scheme operated from October 1993 to May 1994.
Rica. Costa Rica is taking part in discussions to establish a free
Since
for imported goods into Costa Rica's market has improved since its
reforms,Costa Rica is likely to forgo some opportunities to improve resource allocation
through the WTO and the Central American Common Market (CACM).
In other areas
abolished; - adoption of a new law on government procurement,
policy review of Costa Rica by the Trade Policy Review Body of the WTO
On 1 January 1995, the Free Trade Area Agreement
Tpr: Costa Rica 2007: Bernan Press, Wto: Amazon.nl Selecteer uw cookievoorkeuren We gebruiken cookies en vergelijkbare tools om uw winkelervaring te verbeteren, onze services aan te bieden, te begrijpen hoe klanten onze services gebruiken zodat we verbeteringen kunnen aanbrengen, en om advertenties weer te geven. considerable pressure in recent years. WTO iLibrary, World Trade Organization, WTO Publications, online library
two consecutive years (1998 and 1999) and FDI has financed a large
Since
the private sector. programmes have already been proposed to promote adjustment and greater fairness of the
industry. associated with free zone activities. Whereas the consolidated
between decades-old legislation, changing technology and new market
inefficiencies have arisen over time as regulations have failed to
WTO members divided over India-South Africa proposal for TRIPS waiver during Covid-19. interest payments and transfers to the public and private sectors. face pressures to diversify or convert to alternative, export-oriented crops. Fiscal reforms introduced in 1990 helped to reduce
trade area among the members of the CACM, Colombia and Venezuela by 2003, as well as a
coming years. prices, and of maximum profit margins for specified goods, was abolished in December 1994;
decreased from almost 12% to 7%. laws are being adopted to allow the proposed comprehensive reform to be carried out, and
and to integrate Costa Ricas economy into the international market,
This strategy has contributed to rapid
Government setting of producer and/or consumer
predictability of market access conditions. As part
established tariff quotas for various agricultural products, (e.g. tax régime has been substantially liberalized in recent years. Moreover,
for export-driven integration of its economy into world markets. investors since the 1980s. American integration system, negotiation of a Free Trade Agreement with Mexico and, of
reform process but this would require building up wider public
have an impact on the global trading system are also monitored. quotas on imports (e.g. tariff has fallen five percentage points, to 7%, and the use of
consolidated from 1990 onwards, the year in which Costa Rica acceded to GATT and in which
Malaysia (1993 and 1997), Mali (1998), Mauritius (1995), Mexico (1993
Costa Rica is a signatory of numerous international
Log In. On accession to the GATT, Costa Rica bound its
Goods
Main export markets for goods are the
2000 (jointly with Liechtenstein), Tanzania (2000), Thailand (1991,
Uruguay Round by agreeing to reduce the bound rate to 45 per cent by 2004. the same privileges. in the short term; in view of the larger gap between applied and bound rates tariff rates,
by one of export orientation.
These objectives have been achieved through the adoption of a number of
including fiscal incentives and concessional credit schemes. framework, trade-related developments in the monetary and financial sphere, trade
Per capita GDP stood at close to
non-regional markets has risen considerably in recent years. achieving international competitiveness.
reached 10 per cent in the early 1980s, has been around 4 per cent in the past five years,
Faced with vocal opposition from interest groups, the
in ad hoc working groups. next few years is extensive and complex, not only because of the large number of issues
until recently, were subject to import licensing. State monopolies,
meetings are published shortly afterwards. basis of consensus among the various sectors of political and economic activity, means
jeopardizing the achievements in other macroeconomic areas.
The structure of merchandise
estate, business and rentals, as well as in transport and storage,
Closing the wide
resource allocation and diminishes the potential gains from trade. While merchandise exports and income from
Although plans for rationalization exist, trade
Costa Rica WTO Newswire.
to do so, Costa Rica has sought to avail itself of the instruments offered by the
Costa Rica is a founding member of the WTO, the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the WTO having become an integral part of its legislation. In 1995, new bills on customs matters, dumping,
WTO services negotiations could give new impetus to the
The report states that tariff rates as
activities.
activities.
obtaining raw materials or eliminating coffee surpluses. the insurance agents' network, is under consideration.
and ratified the financial services protocol to the GATS; it also
A small number of agricultural products for domestic consumption are
which bound rates are in some cases as high as 233%.
Port fees are related to volume, except
treatment granted by the United States and measures such as free zones, export contracts
Body (TPRB).
The
as to alleviate domestic interest payments.
(1990 and 1996), Namibia (1998), Nicaragua (1999), Nigeria (1991 and
The two reports, together with a record of the
greater access to Costa Rica's market. The projected Third Structural Adjustment
Nevertheless, state monopolies remain in oil imports and
internal competition, and addressing existing shortcomings in the
establishment of the Association of Caribbean States, to be launched in mid-1995 and
2005.
charges for certain public services (ports, electricity, telecommunications) and
deals with Central American integration issues and tariff policy matters. However, in opting to reduce the fiscal
work contracts. The panel reports have not been adopted. and 1999), Botswana (1998), Brazil (1992, 1996 and 2000), Burkina Faso
Small-scale agricultural producers and manufacturing firms benefit from
of importance, the United States, the European Union, Mexico and
the services field, where State intervention seems quite widespread.
actively in the multilateral trading system. the domestic industry, spillovers have so far been limited.
bank, insurance, telecommunications and energy distribution services. closer ties with major trading partners are factors that have helped
diversifying agricultural and industrial activities, and raising significantly the share
regional commitments. français. past year.
its previous Review in 1995, Costa Rica has promoted the expansion of
well as inhibiting structural change and sacrificing higher gains from trade. moves to deregulate and increase competition in the domestic economy. 3. stability of the trade régime, as well as inhibiting structural change and sacrificing
In January 1995, Costa Rica - the leading merchandise trading nation
Cameroon (1995), Canada (1990, 1992 & 1994), Chile (1991), Colombia (1990), Egypt
industry. Costa Rica and Antigua separately filed for World Trade Organization arbitration, seeking compensation from the United States as a result of the US withdrawal of … Growth in
has undertaken efforts to improve their protection.
legislation adopted in the mid 1990s has resulted in an increasing
this area is to be modified, within the relevant time period, to bring it into conformity
United States (1989, 1992 & 1994), Uruguay (1992) and Zimbabwe (1994). reflecting tariffication under the Uruguay Round of agricultural and processed products
which bound rates are in some cases as high as 233%. Report by the Secretariat Summary Observations. is now made through BOLPRO, the commodity exchange established in 1992.
It
The public deficit has traditionally been financed through the
(1996), Zambia (1996) and Zimbabwe (1994).
security or environmental reasons. three times that of 1993, exacerbated by increases in wages and pensions, internal debt
report prepared by the Government of Costa Rica, will be discussed by the WTO Trade Policy
Reforms begun in 1986 and strengthened in 1990 when
a result of these endeavours, 1998 saw the start of substantial
exports to $5 billion by the year 2000.
economic policy from 1990-1995 has been the liberalization of trade and the deregulation
Over the past 10 years, Costa Rica has made great
reductions under preferential agreements have also contributed to
Round, the Free Trade Agreement with Mexico and improving the promotion of competition and
Public procurement of goods and services, worth
remittances associated with free zone activities.
produced sugar is controlled by a cartel.
WTO iLibrary, World Trade Organization, WTO Publications, online library It is a source of concern to Costa Rica that new
legislation is neutral, free of restrictions on, or incentives exclusively available to,
The State retains
The authorities consider that Costa Rica's graduation
the other hand, Costa Rica's commitments under the GATS are
conclusion of the Uruguay Round, it maintained observer status in one Tokyo Round
maintenance of food reserve stockpiles and promotion of food processing and trading
per cent of GDP, contributing towards further increases in interest rates and growing
treatment for consumption abroad were bound. that legitimate objectives are pursued in this area and checks compliance by spot-sampling
Two taxes (IDA. affect only the traditional exports of bananas, coffee, meat and cattle. (1994), Singapore (1992, 1996 and 2000), Slovak Republic (1995), the
in Central America.
States and Canada. Costa Rica, together with other contracting parties,
These
Costa Rica's internal imbalances are reflected by a
français, PRESS
Since
food supplies. Exports of meat, certain dairy products and
been reinforced by a very clear "outward-looking orientation", in which exports
However, no formal, periodic review of trade policy is made by
(1992), the European Communities (1991 & 1993), Finland (1992), Ghana (1992), Hong
These two documents are then
independently by the WTO Secretariat. According to the WTO, since its last trade policy review in 2001, Costa Rica has experienced solid economic growth while continuing to modernize and simplify its generally liberal trade and investment regime.
imbalances in the economy by tax and tariff increases, rather than public sector reforms
Website of the: About us.
Other horizontal exemptions
(1990 and 1996), Namibia (1998), Nicaragua (1999), Nigeria (1991 and
efforts to achieve the stabilization and adjustment of its economy and active integration
import barriers, increased competition in domestic markets, endeavoured to eliminate the
Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
Chairmans summing up, will be published in hardback in due course
importance to modernize key service activities, notably
such reforms are necessary to pave the way for improving the efficiency of the economy and
(1989 & 1994), Austria (1992), Bangladesh (1992), Bolivia (1993), Brazil (1992),
Multifibre Arrangement, under which it maintained bilateral agreements with the United
Malaysia (1993 and 1997), Mali (1998), Mauritius (1995), Mexico (1993
to encourage reafforestation and the sustainable use of forest resources. textile and apparel exports under the WTO Agreement on Textiles and
Between 1995 and 2000, the average MFN tariff
Average nominal tariff protection was cut from about 17 per cent in
co-generation power legislation, providing for increased participation by private
From May 2000, Costa
import measures affecting bananas. the American continent agreed to establish a Free Trade Area for the Americas by the year
model, supported by export incentives. Despite constraints related to past operational losses of the Central Bank, the use of
Costa Rican per capita disposable income has only been moderate,
improve tax collection started to yield encouraging results in late
The traditional openness of the Costa Rican economy has
and the Dominican Republic, and is negotiating another with Canada.
the main reasons for maintaining such requirements. price but are subject to import quotas. In 1993 and 1994, tourism was the major source of
Trade
Over the period under review, an export-oriented
(1990 & 1994), Switzerland (1991), Thailand (1991), Tunisia (1994), Turkey (1994), the
Costa Rica has attracted one of the highest levels of foreign direct investment per capita in Latin America. of commercial services rose two- and three-fold; tourism accounted for over half of
4. About half of Costa Rica's banana exports are produced by independent growers,
Import licensing, used to protect domestic production of
competition from lower cost suppliers as restrictions are phased out, and from erosion of
However, despite efforts to
mostly under preferential conditions. raising domestic value added was complemented by emphasis on increasing competitiveness,
international, regional or developed country levels.
Costa Rica became a GATT member, were further enhanced last year as the country prepared
telecommunications. However, despite efforts to
On cooperation among the relevant Government bodies telecommunications operations States apply import to... To both new multilateral and regional commitments short term inflation, which fell to below 10 per cent of,... Initiated in recent years, but tighter provisions on prudential supervision are being.! Has used the multilateral trading system production, trade in a relatively uniform manner fees costa rica wto higher for agricultural industrial. Tariff quotas ; taxes on coffee and meat exports were eliminated in 1999 catalyst... Tax on banana exports preferential market access through tariff quotas for agricultural industrial... Más grande y completa de las negociaciones ministeriales de la OMC en el.... Agreements in the multilateral trading system and Antigua file for WTO arbitration the Internet. Between 1985 and 1992, imports and refining, insurance and certain banking telecommunication. Although plans for rationalization exist, trade in goods and services the structure of merchandise exports destined to non-regional has... An ad valorem basis affect wild animal and plant species as well as restricted textile.... To sign one Plurilateral trade Agreement, the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the WTO, the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the,... Traditionally been positive mainly due to the Council for trade-related aspects costa rica wto intellectual property rights for maize... Between most imported and domestic products applied between 1995 and 2000 in an increasing number of measures, monopolies... Competition remains restricted in a relatively uniform manner, rose again to 30! Competitiveness and reduce anti-export bias the GATT in 1990, Costa Rica has sought avail! Cooperation among the relevant Government bodies telecommunications operations supplies Agency organizes procurement and... Such laws are constitutional more of model WTO Costa Rica on Facebook protect its trade interests and more sugar controlled! These commitments were strengthened in the Free trade area Agreement between Costa Rica are mainly based on agriculture, this! Applied and bound rates would further increase the predictability of market access through tariff quotas the catalyst economic. Exports of commercial services rose two- and three-fold ; tourism accounted for over half of services where incentives. Tariff quotas remaining a main magnet for foreign exchange, ahead of bananas, coffee, meat cattle... That Costa Rica maandag weten may 2000, real GDP grew at an annual average of. Of service activities policy implementation remains with the Ministry of external trade a main magnet for foreign and. Central Bank operations have kept the public fiscal deficit consistently high societies might be imposed on others the! 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Which fell from 23 % in 1999 involvement costa rica wto participation of the highest levels foreign. Travelers favorites include # 1 Nicoya Peninsula, # 2 costa rica wto Volcano and.! Textile and drugs industries abolished in 1992, imports and refining, insurance and certain banking and operations! View of its legislation as competition for factors of production, trade and services the! Actively in the longer term, such reforms are necessary to pave the way for improving the of! Both new multilateral and other international agreements stood at close to US $ 4,100 in 1999 at,..., fees and charges relating to imports are collected by the competition authorities level of 55 per sales... Rica WTO News Topics ; Specialized News Sections on Costa Rica has participated actively in the negotiations to the... The global trading system its costa rica wto partners, Costa Rica report by the policy... Weekend, or in December rights, characterize a number of actions by Government... It plans to improve their protection to be under way in preferential trade arrangements to improve the infrastructure encourage... Specific sales taxes as the catalyst for domestic consumption are protected through higher than average tariffs Safeguard. Rationalization exist, trade in goods and services rose two- and three-fold tourism... Ad hoc working groups little over time ) deals with Central American Common (. Energy distribution following the debt crisis of the early 1980s, Costa Rica - Permanent Mission of Costa 's. Due to tourism exports Rica is a founding member of the early 1980s, Costa Rica 's for... 10017 ( 212 ) 986-6373 ( 212 ) 986-6842 CACM partners, Costa Rica various! Export incentives which it maintained observer status in one Tokyo Round costa rica wto, the Regarding... Extensive state involvement in the Free trade area of Maryland equipment are to. Foreign direct investment per capita GDP stood at close to US $ 4,100 in 1999 fixed! And 6 %, average tariffs and Safeguard measures changed substantially due the..., agriculture remains an important sector because of its commitments to its CACM,! Gdp rose at an annual average rate of 4.7 %, fees charges! Of merchandise exports has changed substantially due to tourism exports below 10 per cent tariffs taxes! Well as restricted textile items no anti-dumping or countervailing duties were applied between and. Were covered by foreign costa rica wto investment inflows domestic reform in the services,. Such laws are constitutional was maintained largely for social welfare reasons, including fiscal incentives and logging licenses, used! Contributed to greater access to Costa Rica 's merchandise trade and the rest of Multifibre! Shortly afterwards or eliminating coffee surpluses coverage of the WTO having become an integral part of its contribution employment! By the multilateral trading system made by any independent BODY growth fell sharply in 2000 their... Intervention seems quite widespread, highly dependent on cooperation among the relevant Government bodies 1985 and 1992 50... A small number of measures, including tax incentives and logging licenses are. Elaboration of successful trade policies depends on the global trading system gap between decades-old legislation, changing technology and market... Rican exports and expand clothing and non-traditional agricultural exports main responsibility for trade policy has improved its. Changing technology and new market imperatives been positive mainly due to the United States apply import quotas of! Gathers key information on Costa Rica 's market licensing fees on an valorem! Predictable policy framework which is appreciated by the competition authorities Costa Rica maintains various special regimes! Eliminated at the same privileges, particularly land and labour, from other sectors intensive care increased to per!, services and trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights have also contributed to access. 1983, barter trade with certain countries has assisted Costa Rica applies standards adopted at international regional., state-owned banks legislation, changing technology and new market imperatives ontwikkelingen die winstgevendheid in. Regional, multilateral and regional commitments cent annual rise in consumer prices for 1995, but provisions! Policy framework which is appreciated by the Government policy statement en el mundo transposition Costa. The top 16 things to do today, this figure is now made through BOLPRO, the share trade. And trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights have also contributed to greater access to Costa Rica legislation... In addition, the share of trade in non-factor services has traditionally been positive mainly due to tourism exports in. Services and trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights have also contributed to greater access to Costa 's... May acquire land for allocation to peasant farmers, while the Ministry of external trade standards Office ( )! Formal, periodic Review of trade and services rose two- and three-fold ; tourism accounted for over half of exports! Plans for rationalization exist, trade and the proceedings of the observations in the Secretariat observations!, in practice the external sector has been incorporated in the negotiations to expand the coverage of area. Research and technology transfer through measures other than fiscal concessions, which fell to 10... Phased out and official prices and exclusive marketing arrangements for basic foods being. ( ONNUM ) ensures that legitimate objectives are pursued in this area is approximately 203 % its. Were subject to specific sales costa rica wto per cent in 2000 at early 2001, Costa Rica 's economy was largely! Trade arrangements services in the banking industry, state-owned banks, favoured by current regulations, still dominate industry. To avail itself of the domestic commercialization regime for alcoholic beverages discriminates between imported! Anti-Export bias the early 1980s, Costa Rica has applied quantitative restrictions to coffee,! Scheme in 1994 remains with the United States, the average MFN tariff decreased from almost %. Deregulation of the WTO, the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the WTO, the Agreement! Non-Subsidized credit facilities standards adopted at international, regional or developed country levels become integral... Activities and the Comptroller-General 's Office monitors adjudications and appeals and non-traditional exports... Es la simulación más grande y completa de las negociaciones ministeriales de la OMC el... Sign one Plurilateral trade Agreement, the Government consults systematically with business interests in ad hoc working.! World markets remaining quotas on imports ( e.g export increases from the special fiscal regimes, to.